《初中英语语法之过去完成时详解优秀9篇》

英语时态是语法的一个难点，也是我们学习的重点。这里是小编为大伙儿整编的初中英语语法之过去完成时详解优秀9篇，希望大家能够喜欢。

过去完成时： 篇1

用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的那个动作要用过去完成时。

结构：had+过去分词

After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.

They had sold the car before I asked the price.

The train had left before I arrived at the station.

After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。

1.变疑问句将助动词移到句首

Had she finished her homework?

2. 变否定句在助动词后面加not

She hadn’t finished her homework.

3. 肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, she had. No, she hadn’t.

4.特殊疑问句：

What had she done?

过去完成时的基本形式： 篇2

过去完成时由had+过去分词构成，因此无人称变化

肯定式：I had/I'd worked等

否定式：I had not/hadn't worked等

疑问式：had I worked等

否定疑问式：had I not/hadn't I worked等

现在完成时： 篇3

构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词

用法：

2) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用

I have just had lunch. (饱了，不用再吃了)

He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝)

They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)

The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了)

3) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：

Have you finished your homework?

Have you been to Beijing?

Have he seen the film?

4) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作

I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

I have worked for this school for 1 year.

5) 表示一种经历，经验：去过…地方，做过…事情，经历过…事情

I have never had a bath.

I have never seen a film.

I have never been to cinema.

I have ever been to Paris.

Have been to表示去过，have gone to 表示去了

I have been to London.(人已经回来)

He has gone to London.(人还在那里)

6) 表示一种结果， 一般不和时间副词联用

I have lost my pen.

I have hurt myself.

He has become a teacher.

She has broken my heart.

句型变化：

★变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.

e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I have. No, I have not.

★特殊疑问句：

What have you done?

What has he done?

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：

凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时

注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用

错：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.

对：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.

般将来时： 篇4

表示将来将要发生的动作， 经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。

结构：主语+助动词will+动词原形

I will go to America tomorrow.

The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.

Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.

★变疑问句将助动词移到句首

Will you go to America tomorrow?

Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?

Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?

★变否定句在助动词后面加not

I will not go to America tomorrow.

The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.

Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I will. / No, I will not.

Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not.

Yes, he will. / No, he will not.

★特殊疑问句

What will you do?

过去完成进行时的用法 篇5

1. 过去完成进行时所表示的动作与过去的时间的关系，可以用时间状语来表示，也可以通过上下文来表示。例如：

By the end of last month they had been working here for about ten days. 到上个月为止，他们在这里工作大约有十天了。

She said that she had been listening to radio after school. 她说她放学后一直在听收音机。

2. 过去完成时可以表示一个动作已经结束，但其结果仍然影响到过去的。某一时刻。例如：

It had been raining and the street was still wet. 天一直在下雨，街道仍然很湿。

3. 像 work、study、stay、sing、teach等延续性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，用过去完成进行时可以表示一个动作一直延续到过去某一时刻，通常强调动作的持续性和不间断性。例如：

She had been studying for two hours when her classmate came to visit her. 当她的同学来看她的时候，她学习有两个小时了。

4. 过去完成进行时与过去进行时的区别。过去进行时主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行。例如：

I was writing a letter when she came to see me. 当她来看我时我正在写信。

I had been writing a letter for two hours by the time she came to see me. 当她来看我的时候，我已经写了两个小时的信了。

5. 过去完成进行时与过去完成时的不同。过去完成时表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如：

They had just had breakfast when Tom came in. 汤姆来时，他们刚吃过早饭。

They had been having breakfast for ten minutes when Tom came in. 汤姆来时，他们已经吃了十分钟的早饭了。

过去完成时的时态用法： 篇6

1. 过去完成时是与现在完成时相当的过去式：

现在完成时：Ann has just left.If you hurry you’ll catch her.（安刚刚走。如果你快一点，就能追上她。）

过去完成时：When I arrived Ann had just left.（我到的时候，安刚刚离开。）

但是，过去完成时不像现在完成时那样限于表达未指明时间的动作，因此可以说：He had left his case on the 4∶40 train.（他把手提箱丢在4点40分的火车上了。）

       2.现在完成时可以和 since/for/always等词连用，表示一个开始于过去并仍在继续或刚刚结束的动：

与此同理，过去完成时也可以用来表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作。

1)在该时刻仍然在继续。

例如：Bill was in uniform when I met him.He had been a soldier for ten years.（我遇到比尔的时候，他身穿军服。那时他已经当了十年兵了。）

2)在该时刻停止或刚刚停止。

例如：The old oak tree, which had stood in the churchyard for 300 years, suddenly crashed to the ground.（屹立在教堂墓地上已300百年之久的老橡树突然间哗啦一声巨响倒在地上。）

但应注意，过去完成时还可以用来表示：

3)在所说时刻之前某一时候停止的动作。

例如：He had served in the army for ten years; then he retired and married.（他在军队里服役十年，后来退伍并结了婚。）

3. 过去完成时也是一般过去时的过去时，用来表示叙述者或主语在过去的某一时刻回顾更早的动作：

例如：He met her in Paris in 1977.He had last seen her ten years before.Herhair had been grey then; now it was white.（1977年他在巴黎遇见了她。他上一次见到她是十年之前。那时她的头发是灰白的，这时已经全白了。）

过去完成进行时的形式 篇7

had been + V-ing形式

过去式： 篇8

表示过去发生的动作或事件， 常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,

含有be动词的句子， 将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were

I was at the butcher’s.

You were a student a year ago.

The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.

★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首

Were you at the butcher’s?

Were you a student a year ago?

Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?

★变否定句在be动词后面加not

I was not at the butcher’s.

You were not a student a year ago.

The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.

★肯定回答否定回答

Yes, I was. No, I was not.

Yes, you were. No, you were not.

Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.

★特殊疑问句：

What did you do?

(必背)

不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式

I finished my homework yesterday.

The boy went to a restaurant.

The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.

★变疑问句在句首加did， 动词变为原型

Did you finish your homework yesterday?

Did the boy go to a restaurant?

Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?

★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not

I did not finish my homework yesterday.

The boy did not go to a restaurant.

The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.

★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

Yes, they did. No, they did not.

现在进行时： 篇9

表示现在正在进行的动作。

构成： 主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分

We are having lunch.

He is reading a book.

The dog is running after a cat.

The boys are swimming across the river.

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Are we having lunch?

Is he reading a book?

Is the dog running after a cat?

Are the boys swimming across the river?

★变否定句在be动词后面加 not

We are not having lunch.

He is not reading a book.

The dog is not running after a cat.

The boys are swimming across the river.

★特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.

疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词

What are you doing?

What is she doing?

What is the dog doing?

没有进行时的动词(必背)

表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作

1. 表示感觉，感官的词

see, hear, like, love, want,

2. have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时